基于UHPLC-Q-Exactive/HX-F MS/MS的粳稻谷加速储藏过程中品质劣变标志物筛查

Screening of quality deterioration biomarkers in japonica rice during accelerated storage based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive/HX-F MS/MS

中文关键词:  粳稻谷  加速储藏  品质劣变  非靶标代谢组学  超高效液相色谱串联傅里叶变换质谱  特征标志物

英文关键词:japonica rice  accelerated storage  quality deterioration  non-targeted metabolomics  UHPLC-Q-Exactive HX-F MS/MS  characteristic biomarkers

中文摘要:

      为筛选能够快速区分粳稻谷储藏品质阶段（宜存、轻度不宜存和重度不宜存）的特征标志物，将7种粳稻谷进行加速储藏，UHPLC-Q-Exactive/HX-F MS/MS技术分析不同品质阶段样品的非靶标代谢组学，结合多元统计分析法进行特征标志物挖掘。结果表明，稻谷样品中共鉴别出2541个代谢物，主要为脂质类、萜类等。主成分分析（PCA）显示不同品质阶段间代谢物差异明显；正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）和火山图分析表明33个差异代谢物的变量重要性投影（VIP）值≥1 且p<0.05，主要为碳水化合物类和核苷酸及其衍生物类等。将不同样品中33个代谢物的峰面积与三个品质阶段相关联，初步筛查出28个特征标志物，其中可区分三个品质阶段的潜在标志物有8个：包括7-甲基黄嘌呤核苷、葡萄糖酸内酯等；可区分宜存、不宜存（轻度、重度）两个品质阶段的潜在标志物有20个：如O-琥珀酰-L-高丝氨酸、1-甲基腺苷等。KEGG通路富集分析表明，粳稻谷在加速储藏期间的品质变化，与膜脂代谢、糖代谢和能量供应等有关。本研究为稻谷储藏品质的快速评价提供了新思路。

英文摘要:

      To screen characteristic markers for rapidly distinguishing the storage quality stages (storable, slightly unstorable, and severely unstorable) of japonica rice, this study subjected seven japonica rice varieties to accelerated storage, analyzed the non-targeted metabolomics of samples from different quality stages using UHPLC-Q-Exactive/HX-F MS/MS technology and performed characteristic marker mining combined with multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that this study identified a total of 2541 metabolites in rice samples, primarily consisting of lipids and terpenoids. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant differences in metabolites among different quality stages. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and volcano plot analysis indicated that 33 differential metabolites had variable importance in projection (VIP)≥1 and p < 0.05, mainly comprising carbohydrates and nucleotides and their derivatives. By correlating the peak areas of these 33 metabolites in different samples with the three quality stages, this study preliminarily screened 28 characteristic markers. Among them, 8 potential markers could distinguish the three quality stages, including 7-methylxanthosine and gluconolactone, etc.; 20 potential markers could distinguish between acceptable (good storage quality) and unstorable (including mild unstorable and severe unstorable) quality stages, such as O-succinyl-L-homoserine and 1-methyladenosine, etc. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the quality changes of japonica rice during accelerated storage were associated with membrane lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy supply. This study provides a new approach for the rapid evaluation of rice storage quality.